@patent {reed_united_2012,
	title = {United {States} {Patent}: 8163535 - {Devices} and processes for nucleic acid extraction},
	number = {8163535},
	year = {2012},
	month = {apr},
	abstract = {Devices, processes, and kits for the extraction of nucleic acids from biological samples are disclosed. The devices comprise a first port, a second port, and a binding chamber intermediate and in fluid communication with the first port and the second port. The binding chamber comprises an unmodified flat glass surface effective for binding a heterogeneous population of nucleic acids. The first port, second port, and binding chamber define a continuous fluid pathway that is essentially free of nucleic acid-specific binding sites.},
	url = {http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2\&Sect2=HITOFF\&p=1\&u=\%2Fnetahtml\%2FPTO\%2Fsearch-bool.html\&r=1\&f=G\&l=50\&co1=AND\&d=PTXT\&s1=\%22Sharma\%3B+Nigel\%22.INNM.\&OS=IN/\%22Sharma;+Nigel\%22\&RS=IN/\%22Sharma;+Nigel\%22},
	author = {Reed, Michael W. and Nanassy, Oliver Z. and Haydock, Paul V. and Sharma, Nigel Rudra and Bardell, Ronald L. and Hargrave, Perry}
}
@patent {breidford_united_2010,
	title = {United {States} {Patent}: 7648835 - {System} and method for heating, cooling and heat cycling on microfluidic device},
	number = {7648835},
	year = {2010},
	month = {jan},
	abstract = {An integrated heat exchange system on a microfluidic card. According to one aspect of the invention, the portable microfluidic card has a heating, cooling and heat cycling system on-board such that the card can be used portably. The microfluidic card includes one or more reservoirs containing exothermic or endothermic material. Once the chemical process of the reservoir material is activated, the reservoir provides heat or cooling to specific locations of the microfluidic card. Multiple reservoirs may be included on a single card to provide varying temperatures. The assay chemicals can be moved to the various reservoirs to create a thermal cycle useful in many biological reactions, for example, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) or rtPCR. According to another aspect of the invention, the integrated heat exchanger is an adjacent microfluidic circuit containing fluid that is either independently heated or cooled, or is an exothermic or endothermic material, such that the fluid in the adjacent circuit imparts a change in temperature to the assay fluid in an independent circuit. According to yet another aspect of the invention, a thermal electric cooler (TEC) is used for thermocycling the amplification chamber of a disposable microfluidic card.},
	url = {http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2\&Sect2=HITOFF\&p=1\&u=\%2Fnetahtml\%2FPTO\%2Fsearch-bool.html\&r=9\&f=G\&l=50\&co1=AND\&d=PTXT\&s1=\%22Weigl\%3B+Bernhard\%22.INNM.\&OS=IN/\%22Weigl;+Bernhard\%22\&RS=IN/\%22Weigl;+Bernhard\%22},
	author = {Breidford, Wayne L. and Lancaster, Christy A. and Hayenga, Jon W. and Bardell, Ronald L. and Tonn, Jeffrey F. and Weigl, Bernhard H.}
}
@patent {breidford_united_2009,
	title = {United {States} {Patent}: 7544506 - {System} and method for heating, cooling and heat cycling on microfluidic device},
	number = {7544506},
	year = {2009},
	month = {jun},
	abstract = {An integrated heat exchange system on a microfluidic card. According to one aspect of the invention, the portable microfluidic card has a heating, cooling and heat cycling system on-board such that the card can be used portably. The microfluidic card includes one or more reservoirs containing exothermic or endothermic material. Once the chemical process of the reservoir material is activated, the reservoir provides heat or cooling to specific locations of the microfluidic card. Multiple reservoirs may be included on a single card to provide varying temperatures. The assay chemicals can be moved to the various reservoirs to create a thermal cycle useful in many biological reactions, for example, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) or rtPCR. According to another aspect of the invention, the integrated heat exchanger is an adjacent microfluidic circuit containing fluid that is either independently heated or cooled, or is an exothermic or endothermic material, such that the fluid in the adjacent circuit imparts a change in temperature to the assay fluid in an independent circuit. According to yet another aspect of the invention, a thermal electric cooler (TEC) is used for thermocycling the amplification chamber of a disposable microfluidic card.},
	url = {http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2\&Sect2=HITOFF\&p=1\&u=\%2Fnetahtml\%2FPTO\%2Fsearch-bool.html\&r=11\&f=G\&l=50\&co1=AND\&d=PTXT\&s1=\%22Weigl\%3B+Bernhard\%22.INNM.\&OS=IN/\%22Weigl;+Bernhard\%22\&RS=IN/\%22Weigl;+Bernhard\%22},
	author = {Breidford, Wayne and Lancaster, Christy A. and Hayenga, Jon Wallace and Bardell, Ronald L. and Tonn, Jeffrey F. and Weigl, Bernhard H.}
}
@patent {reed_united_2009,
	title = {United {States} {Patent}: 7608399 - {Device} and method for extraction and analysis of nucleic acids from biological samples},
	number = {7608399},
	year = {2009},
	month = {oct},
	abstract = {Device and methods for extracting and analyzing nucleic acids from biological samples.},
	url = {http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2\&Sect2=HITOFF\&p=1\&u=\%2Fnetahtml\%2FPTO\%2Fsearch-bool.html\&r=2\&f=G\&l=50\&co1=AND\&d=PTXT\&s1=\%22Sharma\%3B+Nigel\%22.INNM.\&OS=IN/\%22Sharma;+Nigel\%22\&RS=IN/\%22Sharma;+Nigel\%22},
	author = {Reed, Michael W. and Nanassy, Oliver Z. and Haydock, Paul V. and Sharma, Nigel Rudra and Bardell, Ronald L. and Hargrave, Perry}
}
@patent {hayenga_united_2007,
	title = {United {States} {Patent}: 7223371 - {Microfluidic} channel network device},
	number = {7223371},
	year = {2007},
	month = {may},
	abstract = {Described herein is microfluidic device for joining fluids and a related method for doing the same. The device according to the present invention includes a microfluidic junction, an outlet channel, and a plurality of circuit units. A microfluidic junction is an area for converging multiple fluids. An outlet channel is capable of receiving fluid from the microfluidic junction. An outlet channel includes a first end connected with the microfluidic junction, a second end connected with a waste reservoir, and an analysis region positioned between the first end and the second end of the outlet channel. The device also includes a plurality of circuit units. Each circuit unit includes a source channel with a first end capable of receiving sample fluid and a second end connected with the microfluidic junction; a branch channel connected with the source channel at an intersection; and a flow diversion system capable of differentially directing fluid flowing through a source channel either into the microfluidic junction or into a branch channel.},
	url = {http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2\&Sect2=HITOFF\&p=1\&u=\%2Fnetahtml\%2FPTO\%2Fsearch-bool.html\&r=15\&f=G\&l=50\&co1=AND\&d=PTXT\&s1=\%22Weigl\%3B+Bernhard\%22.INNM.\&OS=IN/\%22Weigl;+Bernhard\%22\&RS=IN/\%22Weigl;+Bernhard\%22},
	author = {Hayenga, Jon W. and Weigl, Bernhard H. and Bardell, Ronald L. and Morris, Christopher J.}
}
@patent {weigl_united_2006,
	title = {United {States} {Patent}: 7011791 - {Microfluidic} devices for rotational manipulation of the fluidic interface between multiple flow streams},
	number = {7011791},
	year = {2006},
	month = {mar},
	abstract = {Microfluidic devices and methods are provided for enhancing detection of a diffusion pattern formed by particles diffusing between at least two fluid streams in parallel laminar flow such that an interface is formed between them by increasing the dimension of the streams in the diffusion direction. This may be accomplished by flowing the streams through a transforming turn, or by flowing the streams through a channel having diverging walls. Devices and methods are also provided for enhancing diffusion between two streams comprising changing the interface between said streams from a narrow interface to a broad interface.},
	url = {http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2\&Sect2=HITOFF\&p=1\&u=\%2Fnetahtml\%2FPTO\%2Fsearch-bool.html\&r=17\&f=G\&l=50\&co1=AND\&d=PTXT\&s1=\%22Weigl\%3B+Bernhard\%22.INNM.\&OS=IN/\%22Weigl;+Bernhard\%22\&RS=IN/\%22Weigl;+Bernhard\%22},
	author = {Weigl, Bernhard H. and Bardell, Ronald L. and Kamholz, Andrew and Munson, Matthew and Schilling, Eric and Hawkins, Kenneth}
}
@patent {weigl_united_2004,
	title = {United {States} {Patent}: 6743399 - {Pumpless} microfluidics},
	number = {6743399},
	year = {2004},
	month = {jun},
	abstract = {A microfluidic device which operates without the need for an external power source. The device includes a body structure, at least one microscale channel within the structure, a port for introducing fluid into the channel, and a power source internal to the structure for propelling the fluid through the channel. Various structures are described which embody the invention.},
	url = {http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2\&Sect2=HITOFF\&p=1\&u=\%2Fnetahtml\%2FPTO\%2Fsearch-bool.html\&r=18\&f=G\&l=50\&co1=AND\&d=PTXT\&s1=\%22Weigl\%3B+Bernhard\%22.INNM.\&OS=IN/\%22Weigl;+Bernhard\%22\&RS=IN/\%22Weigl;+Bernhard\%22},
	author = {Weigl, Bernhard H. and Williams, Clinton L. and Hayenga, Jon W. and Bardell, Ronald L. and Schulte, Thomas E.}
}
@patent {weigl_united_2003-1,
	title = {United {States} {Patent}: 6557427 - {Capillaries} for fluid movement within microfluidic channels},
	number = {6557427},
	year = {2003},
	month = {may},
	abstract = {A capillary for introduction of whole blood into an analysis device. The capillary has a variable volume along its length, which allows the liquid sample to be drawn into the interior of the cartridge, away from the inlet, reducing the risk of contamination of the sample from the outside.},
	url = {http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2\&Sect2=HITOFF\&p=1\&u=\%2Fnetahtml\%2FPTO\%2Fsearch-bool.html\&r=22\&f=G\&l=50\&co1=AND\&d=PTXT\&s1=\%22Weigl\%3B+Bernhard\%22.INNM.\&OS=IN/\%22Weigl;+Bernhard\%22\&RS=IN/\%22Weigl;+Bernhard\%22},
	author = {Weigl, Bernhard H. and Klein, Gerald L. and Bardell, Ronald L. and Battrell, C. Frederick}
}
@patent {weigl_united_2002-1,
	title = {United {States} {Patent}: 6488896 - {Microfluidic} analysis cartridge},
	number = {6488896},
	year = {2002},
	abstract = {A device for analyzing sample solutions such as whole blood based on coagulation and agglutination which requires no external power source or moving parts to perform the analysis. Single disposable cartridges for performing blood typing assays can be constructed using this technology.},
	url = {http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2\&Sect2=HITOFF\&p=1\&u=\%2Fnetahtml\%2FPTO\%2Fsearch-bool.html\&r=24\&f=G\&l=50\&co1=AND\&d=PTXT\&s1=\%22Weigl\%3B+Bernhard\%22.INNM.\&OS=IN/\%22Weigl;+Bernhard\%22\&RS=IN/\%22Weigl;+Bernhard\%22},
	author = {Weigl, Bernhard H. and Klein, Gerald L. and Bardell, Ronald L. and Williams, Clinton L. and Schulte, Thomas H.}
}
@patent {forster_united_1999-1,
	title = {United {States} {Patent}: 5876187 - {Micropumps} with fixed valves},
	number = {5876187},
	year = {1999},
	month = {mar},
	abstract = {Micropumps fabricated by micromachining techniques and employing fixed or no-moving-parts valves. As one aspect of the invention, a laser-assisted chemical etching technique is employed for providing smooth-walled, curved configuration necessary to obtain the desired flow characteristics of the valves that are used in conjunction with the micropump.},
	url = {http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2\&Sect2=HITOFF\&p=1\&u=\%2Fnetahtml\%2FPTO\%2Fsearch-bool.html\&r=4\&f=G\&l=50\&co1=AND\&d=PTXT\&s1=\%22Sharma\%3B+Nigel\%22.INNM.\&OS=IN/\%22Sharma;+Nigel\%22\&RS=IN/\%22Sharma;+Nigel\%22},
	author = {Forster, Fred K. and Bardell, Ronald L. and Blanchard, Alan P. and Afromowitz, Martin A. and Sharma, Nigel R.}
}
