@article {201,
	title = {Medical devices and diagnostics for cardiovascular diseases in low-resource settings.},
	journal = {J Cardiovasc Transl Res},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014 Nov},
	pages = {737-48},
	abstract = {<p>Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, have emerged as an underappreciated health threat with enormous economic and public health implications for populations in low-resource settings. In order to address these diseases, devices that are to be used in low-resource settings have to conform to requirements that are generally more challenging than those developed for traditional markets. Characteristics and issues that must be considered when working in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) include challenging environmental conditions, a complex supply chain, sometimes inadequate operator training, and cost. Somewhat counterintuitively, devices for low-resource setting (LRS) markets need to be of at least as high quality and reliability as those for developed countries to be setting-appropriate and achieve impact. Finally, the devices need to be designed and tested for the populations in which they are to be used in order to achieve the performance that is needed. In this review, we focus on technologies for primary and secondary health-care settings and group them according to the continuum of care from prevention to treatment.</p>},
	keywords = {Biomedical Technology, Blood Chemical Analysis, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Developing Countries, Diabetes Mellitus, Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular, Equipment Design, Health Care Costs, Health Resources, Health Services Accessibility, Health Services Needs and Demand, Humans, Predictive Value of Tests},
	issn = {1937-5395},
	doi = {10.1007/s12265-014-9591-3},
	author = {McGuire, Helen and Weigl, Bernhard H}
}
@article {202,
	title = {Point-of-Care Diagnostics in Low-Resource Settings and Their Impact on Care in the Age of the Noncommunicable and Chronic Disease Epidemic.},
	journal = {J Lab Autom},
	volume = {19},
	year = {2013},
	month = {2013 Dec 23},
	pages = {248-257},
	abstract = {<p>The emergence of point-of-care (POC) diagnostics specifically designed for low-resource settings coupled with the rapid increase in need for routine care of patients with chronic diseases should prompt reconsideration of how health care can be delivered most beneficially and cost-effectively in developing countries. Bolstering support for primary care to provide rapid and appropriate integrated acute and chronic care treatment may be a possible solution. POC diagnostics can empower local and primary care providers and enable them to make better clinical decisions. This article explores the opportunity for POC diagnostics to strengthen primary care and chronic disease diagnosis and management in a low-resource setting (LRS) to deliver appropriate, consistent, and integrated care. We analyze the requirements of resource-appropriate chronic disease care, the characteristics of POC diagnostics in LRS versus the developed world, the many roles of diagnostics in the care continuum in LRS, and the process and economics of developing LRS-compatible POC diagnostics.</p>},
	issn = {2211-0682},
	doi = {10.1177/2211068213515246},
	author = {Weigl, Bernhard H and Neogi, Tina and McGuire, Helen}
}
